|
Properties |
|
Examples |
|
1 |
a
+ b
= b
+ a, |
|
5
+ 3 = 3 + 5, |
|
2 |
(a
+ b)
+ c
= a
+ (b
+ c), |
|
(2
+ 3) + 5 = 2 + (3 + 5), |
|
3 |
a
+ 0
= a, |
|
3
+ 0 = 3, |
|
4 |
a
+ (-a)
= 0, |
|
4
+ (-
4)
= 0, |
|
5 |
a
· (b
+ c)
= a
· b
+ a
· c, |
|
2
· (4 + 7) = 2 · 4 + 2 · 7, |
|
6 |
a
· b
= b
· a, |
|
6
· 8 = 8
· 6 |
|
7 |
a
+ (-b)
= a
-
b, |
|
9
+ (-
4)
= 9 -
4 = 5, |
|
8 |
-
(a
+ b)
= -
a
-
b, |
|
-
(3 + 4) = -3
-
4 = -7, |
|
9 |
b
-
a
= -
(a
-
b), |
|
5
- 7
= - (7
-
5) = -2, |
|
10 |
a
· (-b)
= -
a
· b, |
|
3
· (-
5) = -
3
· 5 = -15, |
|
11 |
(-a)
· (-b)
= a
· b, |
|
(-
3)
· (-
6) = 3
· 6 = 18, |
|
12 |
-
(-a)
= a, |
|
-
(-
7) = 7 |
|
13 |
a
· 0
= 0, |
|
(-
11)
· 0 = 0, |
|
14 |
![](RNP14.gif) |
|
![](RNEX14.gif) |
|
15 |
a
· 1
= 1
· a
= a, |
|
-
5
· 1 = 1
· (-
5) = -
5, |
|
16 |
(-1)
· a
= -
a, |
|
(-1)
· 4 = -
4, |
|
17 |
![](RNP17.gif) |
|
![](RNEX17.gif) |
|
18 |
![](RNP18.gif) |
|
![](RNEX18.gif) |
|
19 |
![](RNP19.gif) |
|
![](RNEX19.gif) |
|
20 |
![](RNP20.gif) |
|
![](RNEX20.gif) |
|
21 |
![](RNP21.gif) |
|
![](RNEX21.gif) |
|
22 |
![](RNP22.gif) |
|
![](RNEX22.gif) |
|
23 |
![](RNP23.gif) |
|
![](RNEX23.gif) |
|
24 |
![](RNP24.gif) |
|
![](RNEX24.gif) |
|
25 |
![](RNP25.gif) |
|
![](RNEX25.gif) |
|
26 |
![](RNP26.gif) |
|
![](RNEX26.gif) |
|
27 |
![](RNP27.gif) |
|
![](RNEX27.gif) |
|
28 |
![](RNP28.gif) |
if |
![](RNP28a.gif) |
|
![](RNEX28.gif) |
since |
![](RNEX28a.gif) |
|
29 |
![](RNP29.gif) |
if |
![](RNP29a.gif) |
|
![](RNEX29.gif) |
since |
![](RNEX29a.gif) |
|
|
|